A recent report by the Australian Conservation Foundation titled “Power Games: Assessing Coal to Nuclear Proposals in Australia” evaluates the feasibility of introducing nuclear power to replace coal plants in the country over the next 15 years. The key findings are summarised here, and the Executive Summary states the conclusion that introducing nuclear power in Australia is impractical within a timeframe that aligns with climate goals and the scheduled closure of coal plants. Three main issues are highlighted: high costs, extended deployment timelines, and the challenges of converting coal sites for nuclear use.

Nuclear Power Economics

Nuclear power is significantly more expensive than renewable energy. Global experiences show rising nuclear costs, while renewable energy becomes cheaper. Historical projects in the US, UK, and France have faced major cost overruns, and small modular reactors (SMRs) have encountered delays and budget increases, with few reaching construction and none achieving commercial deployment.

Deployment Timelines

Claims that nuclear power could be introduced in Australia within a decade are unrealistic. Realistic estimates suggest that nuclear reactors would not begin operating until the mid-2040s, with significant emissions reductions unlikely before 2050. By then, renewable energy sources are expected to be well-established.

Coal-to-Nuclear Proposals

The transition from coal to nuclear power faces significant challenges, including political and public opposition and skepticism from industry and investors. Australia’s energy transition is already progressing at existing coal and gas sites, which will be more advanced by the time nuclear power could be considered. 

Conclusion

Given the high costs, lengthy timelines, and advancements in renewable energy, the report concludes that nuclear power is not a viable option for Australia’s energy future. The focus should be on expanding renewable energy systems, which are more cost-effective and can be deployed within a timeframe that meets climate goals.